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Axyris amaranthoides L.  
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Family: Amaranthaceae
Russian-Pigweed
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Leila M. Shultz in Flora of North America (vol. 4)
Stems (5-)30-90 cm. Leaf blades pale green, (1-)1.5-3 × 5-9(-10) cm. Flowers: perianth segments 3-parted, oblong to oval, apex obtuse, whitish pubescent, with both stellate and simple trichomes adaxially; staminate whitish, less than 2 mm, stamens 3; pistillate green. Utricles red or dark brown, heteromorphic, obovate or oval, 2.5-3 mm, with distal 2-lobed appendage. 2n = 18. Flowering summer-fall. Waste places; 0-300 m; introduced; Alta., B.C., Man., N.B., N.S., Ont., Que., Sask.; Maine, Mass., Minn., Mo., Mont., N.H., N.Y., N.Dak.; Eurasia. Axyris amaranthoides is an invasive and problematic weed, especially in crops of cereal grains. It also has been reported from Colorado and Iowa and is to be expected elsewhere.

Vascular plants of NE US and adjacent Canada
Erect, 2-8 dm, with numerous short, ascending branches; lvs short- petioled, lanceolate, stellate-hairy beneath, to 8 cm, progressively reduced above; pistillate panicles commonly on long, naked peduncles; bracts of the pistillate fls in 3's, the middle one the largest; pistillate cal 2 mm, stellate-hairy; staminate spikes 2-10 mm, the fls minute; fr brown, 2-3 mm; 2n=18. Native of Siberia, becoming a weed in our range, especially northward.

Gleason, Henry A. & Cronquist, Arthur J. 1991. Manual of vascular plants of northeastern United States and adjacent Canada. lxxv + 910 pp.

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