From Flora of Indiana (1940) by Charles C. Deam

This species has a limited distribution in Indiana but has a wide range of habitats. It is more or less frequent in the unglaciated area on the crests and upper parts of the highest ridges, usually associated with chestnut oak and black oak. In the southwestern counties it is rare and is found in dry, sandy soil or in the lowland with post oak. In the northwestern counties it is found in black and pin oak clearings, in sandy soil near the bases of black oak ridges, and in prairie habitats.

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Indiana Coefficient of Conservatism: C = 7

Wetland Indicator Status: FACU

Floral bracts glandless or nearly so, ovate, gradually narrowed to a long-acuminate tip, deciduous long before the corolla is full-grown; cal glandless; lfls 4-7 times as long as wide. O. to Ill. and Kans., s. to Ga. and Tex.

Gleason, Henry A. & Cronquist, Arthur J. 1991. Manual of vascular plants of northeastern United States and adjacent Canada. lxxv + 910 pp.

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